Specialty! OLYMP CDL has launched DNA detection of bordetella pertussis/bordetella parapertussis/bordetella bronchoseptica pertussis pathogens by PCR test

A list of tests available at all treatment rooms of your city:

• Detection of DNA pathogens of pertussis (species, pertussis, bronchiseprtica) by PCR

Price: 4,200 KZT

Determination of DNA of Bordetella Pertussis/Bordetella Parapertussis/Bordetella Bronchiseptica pathogens from nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs is an important step for early diagnosis and treatment of these infectious diseases.

Have you encountered symptoms of the typical clinical picture of Bordetella Pertussis, also known as Whooping Cough or Pertussis. Bordetella Pertussis is characterised by fits of severe and attack-like coughing, which may be interrupted by a wheezing convulsive breath (reprisal) due to laryngospasm caused by inflammation of the larynx. These coughing fits may be brief or prolonged, lasting from a few seconds to several minutes.

Coughing fits in Bordetella Pertussis usually end in the recrement of viscous, glassy sputum or even vomiting due to irritation of the vomiting center in the hypothalamus by toxins produced by Bordetella Pertussis, the bacterium that causes Pertussis. Before a coughing fit, some patients may have precursors such as fear, sneezing, etc.

These characteristic symptoms and clinical picture usually allow doctors to suspect Bordetella Pertussis and perform appropriate diagnostic tests to confirm the diagnosis and prescribe treatment course.

Bordetella Pertussis, Bordetella Parapertussis and Bordetella Bronchiseptica are acute infectious diseases that cause an attack-like cough with whooping breaths and are often difficult to distinguish from each other based on symptoms only.

The source of infection for these diseases is a sick person, even if he/she has a latent (asymptomatic) disease form. Persons with a catarrhal period of disease or a latent form are particularly dangerous to the public because of the high bacterioexcretion rate, which favours the spread of infection.

The mode of transmission of these diseases is airborne only, which means that they are transmitted through droplets that are released when a sick person coughs or sneezes and inhaled by healthy people. This makes precautions such as hand hygiene and isolation of sick people important to prevent the spread of infection in the public.

Bordetella Pertussis can actually lead to serious complications, including the following:

• Pulmonary Emphysema: excessive expansion of air bubbles in the lungs, which can lead to gas exchange and respiratory disorder.
• Mediastinum and subcutaneous tissue: inflammation and oedema of the mediastinum and subcutaneous tissue, which can lead to painful symptoms and restricted chest movements.
• Lung Atelectasis: collapse or partial collapse of the lung due to airway blockage.
• Bordetella Pertussis Pneumonia: an inflammation of the lungs that can be a complication of Bordetella Pertussis and can become a serious condition.
• Respiratory disorder: breathing delays, apnea and other respiratory disorder may occur as a result of severe coughing fits.
• Impaired cerebral circulation: Bordetella Pertussis can cause a short-term impairment of blood flow in the brain due to oxygen restriction.
• Bleeding and haemorrhages: Bordetella Pertussis can cause bleeding from the respiratory system and retinal haemorrhages.
• Microcirculatory disorder: a complication associated with disruption of small vessels in the body.
• Hernias: Bordetella Pertussis can provoke an umbilical or inguinal hernia due to intense coughing and increased abdominal pressure.
• Rectal mucosal prolapse, tympanic membrane and diaphragm rupture can also be complications, although they are less common.

Bordetella Pertussis, although previously considered a disease predominantly affecting children, has in recent years begun to spread among adults and teenagers. This is due to an increase in vaccination refusals, especially of the Pertussis Vaccine, which is usually part of the DPT vaccination (Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus Adsorbed Vaccine).

Vaccination refusals can be caused by a variety of factors, including lack of information about the vaccination importance, myths and misunderstandings about the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, as well as sociocultural and religious beliefs. Therefore, when more people refuse vaccination, it increases the risk of spreading infections, including Bordetella Pertussis.

The spread of Bordetella Pertussis among adults and teenagers has serious consequences, as they may have more severe symptoms and more opportunities for transmission to others, including infants, who may be particularly vulnerable to Bordetella Pertussis.

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) diagnosis of Bordetella Pertussis is a highly sensitive and specific method that can be used at different stages of the disease, including periods of initial therapy (taking antibiotics) or in the presence of atypical forms of Bordetella Pertussis.

The most informative period for PCR diagnosis is considered to be between one and four weeks after the disease onset. During this period, the greatest amount of DNA of pathogens is usually detected, which makes the results of this diagnosis the most accurate and reliable.

It is important to note that a Pertussis Vaccination history does not affect PCR results. That is, the test results will not be distorted by the presence or absence of vaccination. This makes PCR diagnosis independent of the patient’s vaccination.

To sum up, PCR diagnosis of Bordetella Pertussis represents an important tool for early diagnosis and effective control of this disease.

DNA of Bordetella Pertussis/Bordetella Parapertussis/Bordetella Bronchiseptica pathogens can be detected in OLYMP CDL to initiate adequate treatment and early diagnosis, as well as to prevent dangerous complications.

Material taken: nasopharyngeal swab

This test is available in all treatment rooms across Kazakhstan.