OLYMP Clinical Diagnostic Laboratories

For example, D vitamin

Current offers

Item 1 of 12

Good to know

Preparing for the tests

Discount system

Informed consent

Standard form contract

News

Treatment rooms schedule for May 1, 2025

Dear patients! Due to the holiday, please see our work schedule of open procedure rooms for May 1.

Astana
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
non-residential premises No. 30, Kenesary Str., 52	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No. 18, Syganak Str., 2 (E10, building No. 2)	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Sauran Str., 3/1	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Suyunbay Akyn Str., 82/1	08:00 a.m.-03:00 p.m.	12:00 p.m.-03:00 p.m.
Saraishyk Str., 5	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No. 5, Bogenbay batyr Ave., 31	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
indoor premises No. 3, Alikhan Bokeikhan Str., 8,2	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No. 9, Mangilik El Ave., 50	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	10:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No. 6, Turkestan Str., 18	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	10:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No. 5, R. Koshkarbayev Str., 41	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	10:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Abylaikhan Ave., 26	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	10:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No. 7, Kuishi Dina Str., 8	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	10:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Kenesary Str., 30	09:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
A. Yanushkevich Str., 1	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No. 8, Baitursynov Str., 23	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Kaiym Mukhamedkhanov Str., 10	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Tashenov Str., 7	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	10:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Dukenuly Str., 38	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No.14, Respublika Ave., 61	07:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Baityrsynov Str., 41	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Tauelsizdik Ave., 39	09:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Roza Baglanova Str., 2	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No. 27, Mangilik El Str., 17	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	10:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No. 2, A. Khrapaty Str., 21	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No. 14, Shevchenko Str., 8	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Kuishi Dina Str., 31	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No. 8, Kabanbay batyr Ave., 48a	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Kabanbay batyr Ave., 49a	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Dostyk Str., 8	09:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Saryarka Ave., 24	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No. 10, Ch. Aitmatov Str., 60	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Kosshigululy Street, 3/1	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	11:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Almaty
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Shevchenko Street, 89B	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-14:00 p.m.
Tole bi Street, 277	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-03:00 p.m.
Orbita-4 micro-district, 11	07:30 a.m.-12:30 p.m.	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Shalyapin Str., 3, Mamyr-2 micro-district	07:30 a.m.-12:30 p.m.	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Gagarin Ave., 292/2, Levitan corner	07:30 a.m.-12:30 p.m.	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Tole bi Str., 206	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Kurmangazy Str., 1/96	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Baiterekov Str., 49A	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Zhandossov Str., 34A	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Gagarin Ave., 236B	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Prokofyev Str., 16	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
9 micro-district, 34	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	07:30 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Dostyk Ave., 105	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	07:30 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Khan Tengri Street, 24а	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	07:30 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
non-residential premises No. 40, building No. 7, Shugyla micro-distrit, 341/1	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	07:30 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Altynsarin Street, 26	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	07:30 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Askarov Street, 21/67	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Sain Street, 18	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Khojanov Street, 57/5k1	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
5 micro-district, 17	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	07:30 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Zhetysu 1 Street, 52	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	07:30 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Zhibek Zholy Street, 125	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	07:30 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Orbita 1 Street, 35	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	07:30 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 151	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	07:30 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Shymkent
Address	01.05.2025
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Tolstoy Str., 57	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Tamerlan Highway Str., 40	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Nursat 2 micro-district, 1/2	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Respublika Ave., 28	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Askarov Str., 1	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Z. Khussainov Street, 65	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Zhidelibaisyn Street, 70/1	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Shayakhmetov Street, 15	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Askarov Street, 32	08:00 a.m.-14:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-14:00 p.m.
Kurmanbekov Street, 5А	08:00 a.m.-14:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-14:00 p.m.
Astana Street, 73	08:00 a.m.-14:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-14:00 p.m.
Ryskulov Street, 30	08:00 a.m.-14:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-14:00 p.m.
Yussuf Saremi Street, 819	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Schmidt Str., 7A	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-14:00 p.m.
Aqtau
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
22 micro-district, 20, Aqtau	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.
17 micro-district, 6, Aqtau	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.
14 micro-district, 87, Aqtau	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.
3A micro-district, 1C, Zhanaozen	08:00 a.m.-10:00 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Aqtobe
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Tauelsizdik Ave., 18A	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00-20:00
Sayazhay residential complex, 377	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Yesset Batyr Str., 91	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Az Nauryz Str., 32	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.
Satpayev Str., 55A, Kargalinskoye village	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Abulkayir khan Ave., 71	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Mangilik El., Str., 5	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Bogenbay Batyr Street, 129	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Sherniyaz Street, 51	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Az Nauryz Street, 2	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Koshevoy Street, 92	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Atyrau
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Kurmangazy Street, 5, Atyrau	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
building No. 4, O. Baimukhanov Street, Zhumysker micro-district, Atyrau	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Satpayev Street, 5, Atyrau	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
219/241А Street, 3 micro-district, Kulsary city, Zhylyoi district, Atyrau region	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Karamanov Street, 44, Kulsary city, Zhylyoi district, Atyrau region	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Auezov Street, 56A, Atyrau	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Atamura Street, 53A, Yerkinkala village, Atyrau	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
2 micro-district, 5, Avangard micro-district, Atyrau	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Kulmanov Street, 107, Atyrau	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Abay Street, 16 А, Atyrau	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Mobile team	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Semei
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Pushkin Street, 100	09:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	09:00-13:00
Karaganda
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Nazarbayev Ave., 21	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Satybaldin Str., 1	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Satybaldin Street, 2	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Magnitogorskaya Str., 44	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Bukhar-Zhyrau Str., 96	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Metallurgi Ave., 30, Temirtau	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Kokshetau
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Nazarbayev Street, 87, Kokshetau	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Qyzylorda
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Tole bi Street, 98	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Kostanai
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Amangeldy Street, 72	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.
Kubeyev Street, 19	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.
Abay Street, 162	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.
Gagarin Street, 18	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.
Uralsk
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Tsiolkovsky Str., 22	09:00 a.m.-11:30 a.m.	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.
N. Nazarbayev Ave., 206	09:00 a.m.-11:30 a.m.	09:00 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.
T. Massin Street, 44/1	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Pavlodar
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Lomov Str., 49/3, Pavlodar	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-14:00 p.m.
Chokin Str.,42, Pavlodar	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
M. Zhussup Str., 27, Ekibastuz	08:00 a.m.-10:00 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-10:00 a.m.
Taraz
Address	01.05.2025
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Aqbulak micro-district, 29b	08:00 a.m.-11:30 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Shostakovich Street, 7	08:00 a.m.-11:30 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Kazybek bi Street, 142	08:00 a.m.-11:30 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Taldykorgan
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Shevchenko Street, 135	08:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m.	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.
Turkestan
Address	01.05.25
Address	Sampling Schedule	Schedule for Issuance of Results
Sattarkhanov Ave., 27, Turkestan	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
1 micro-district, 21/1, Turkestan	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
I. Panfilov Str., 37, Kentau	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Zhibek zholy Str., no number, Aksu village	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Tole bi Str., 298, Lenger village	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Suleimenov Str., no number, Saryagash	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Auezov Str., 53, Zhetisay	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Zhibek zholy Str., 70, Aksu	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Sh. Ualikhanov, 105/1, Aksu village	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Svyazis-Optus housing complex, 224, Shubarsu village	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Premises No. 22, A. Yassavi Ave., 96, Kentau	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Zhibek Zholy Street, 45 a, Sholakkorgan village	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Oku quarter, 3K, Orkeniet village, Maktaaral district	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.
Turekulov Str., 2/8, Atakent village	08:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m.	08:00 a.m.-01:00 p.m.

30 April 2025

Beware of fraud: fraudulent messages on behalf of have been reported

15 April 2025

New! "Risk Instult" panel

20 March 2025

All news

Troponin I: A Modern Approach to Detecting Hidden Myocardial Infarction Risk

Myocardial infarction is one of the most dangerous and insidious cardiovascular diseases (CVD). What is particularly concerning is that in a significant number of patients, the condition develops in the absence of pronounced symptoms or clear risk factors. How can we identify those at risk despite an outward appearance of good health? Modern laboratory diagnostics offers an innovative solution: the measurement of high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI) in blood serum.

What is I?

Troponin I - is a specific protein released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is damaged. For a long time, it was used exclusively to diagnose acute conditions such as myocardial infarction. However, modern technologies now make it possible to detect even minimal concentrations of troponin I in the blood, opening fundamentally new opportunities — assessing cardiovascular risk in individuals who appear to be perfectly healthy.

Why is it Important?

According to large-scale epidemiological studies, more than 75% of acute coronary events - including myocardial infarctions - occur in patients whose risk levels are classified as low or moderate according to conventional assessment tools such as the SCORE scale. These are the so-called "asymptomatic" patients, whose standard screenings do not raise concern - yet they are often the ones most at risk.

An Innovative Approach to CVD Prevention

The high-sensitivity troponin I test makes it possible to:

Detect hidden risks of myocardial infarction
Stratify patients by cardiovascular risk level
Monitor the effectiveness of preventive measures
Determine the need for medical supervision or lifestyle adjustments

This test is especially relevant for:

Men and women aged 30 and above
Patients with metabolic syndrome, obesity, or a family history of cardiovascular disease
Individuals with a sedentary lifestyle, hypertension, diabetes, or glucose intolerance
Anyone who wants to take proactive steps to protect their heart health

What does the test reveal?

Elevated levels of troponin I - even within the reference values - may indicate an increased risk of cardiovascular events in the coming years. This allows physicians to take preventive action in advance, ranging from lifestyle modifications to the prescription of appropriate medications.

Screening with hsTnI has been recognized as economically efficient: identifying at-risk individuals at an early stage helps avoid substantial expenses associated with complications, disability, and hospitalizations.

Troponin I testing is more than just a lab analysis — it is a step toward personalized and predictive medicine, where the focus shifts from treating illness to preventing it. Regular monitoring of this marker helps preserve health, extend active living, and reduce the risk of severe consequences from myocardial infarction

The test is available at any OLYMP CDL blood collection center.

Histological examination: modern diagnostic methods

Histological examination is an analysis of cells and tissues of the body that helps to detect diseases, including cancer. The main purpose is to understand if there are signs of pathology in the sample

Histological examination determines:

The presence of tumour cells in the sample
The nature of the tumour (benign or malignant).
Stage and type of tumour

Why Is Early Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis So Important?

Relevance of the problem of rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease when the immune system attacks its own body, resulting in damage to various organ systems. Structural damage to the joints occurs more frequently, resulting in stiffness, soreness, swelling or redness, usually of symmetrical distribution (e.g., both hands or both feet).

WHO estimates that as of 2019, about 18 million people worldwide suffered from rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and the number of patients with the disease is only increasing each year.

Why should early diagnosis of RA be done?

The main feature of RA is that the prognosis of the disease largely depends on the time of diagnosis.

In case of untimely diagnosis in the course of time from the onset of the disease, the majority of patients suffering from RA, lose the ability to work, have a pronounced pain syndrome and a tendency to chronicity.

RA is a vivid example of a disease in which the long-term prognosis is largely determined by the timeliness of diagnosis and the start of treatment. Early detection allows slowing the progression of joint lesions, preventing structural changes and preserving the patient's functional activity for a long time.

What methods are used for early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis?

In addition to joint inflammation, RA results in the production of specific markers such as rheumatoid factor (RF) and antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP), which are important diagnostic tools.

Today, different isotypes to rheumatoid factor (RF), IgM, IgG and IgA are distinguished. But for a long time, clinical laboratories have been measuring classical rheumatoid factor as IgM antibodies. It has been shown that the sensitivity of RF IgM to RA varies from 55% to 90%, with the prognostic value of a positive result being about 30%, which is certainly not optimal.

Further study of RF immunoassays to IgG and IgA has significantly improved the diagnostic specificity (accuracy) of the test. Moreover, it has been reported that co-determination of RF IgA together with RF IgM precedes the development of RA several years earlier. RF IgG has also been shown to have a higher specificity for RA. And, during routine diagnosis, the presence of all three RF isotypes provided a specificity of up to 96%.

Of course, the main diagnostic criterion for RA remains the determination of antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP). And according to recent studies of RA diagnosis, it has been suggested that the combination of RF IgM, IgA, IgG and ACCP has a specificity for RA close to 100%.

This combination of tests for ACCP and RF IgM, IgA, IgG can lead to early diagnosis of RA, even before clinical symptoms appear. For those who are very likely to have or develop RA, early diagnosis can change the outcome, as early treatment of RA has significant benefits for the overall result.

Finally, it should be emphasized that patients who have early diagnosis of RA have a higher "quality of life" and functional status throughout the whole period

Celiac Disease by the Numbers

Celiac disease (gluten enteropathy) is a chronic disease of autoimmune genesis caused by eating gluten, which carries HLA-DQ2 and/or -DQ8 alleles, therefore this disease can be transmitted genetically.

When the body is intolerant to gluten, there is a specific lesion of the walls of the small intestine, leading to atrophy of its villi, which is characterized by symptoms such as abdominal bloating, vomiting, weight loss. It is important to note that in most cases celiac disease can proceed without intestinal manifestations, and for this reason 1 out of 4 patients remained without a confirmed diagnosis. However, since the identification of specific markers of celiac disease, the presence of antibodies against tissue transglutaminase and deaminated gliadin peptides, the prevalence of celiac disease has been much higher than anticipated. According to the WHO, the global prevalence of gluten intolerance is 1% of the world's population.

Diagnosis of Celiac Disease Without Biopsy

Until 2012, a biopsy of the small intestine, followed by confirmation of intestinal wall atrophy, was a mandatory requirement for the diagnosis of celiac disease. However, according to recent controversial guidelines, the diagnosis can be made without biopsy in certain circumstances, especially in children.

Over the past decade, the unambiguity of histological analysis has been questioned and a strong correlation between levels of tissue transglutaminase antibody titer and the severity of mucosal lesions has been recognized.

In 2012, the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) published new diagnostic criteria for celiac disease that allows the diagnosis of celiac disease without biopsy with symptoms and levels of immunoglobulin A against tissue transglutaminase which is 10 or more times the upper limit of normal.

Evidence in favor of this approach has been largely based on small studies.

The results of the ProCeDE diagnostic study show that the non-biopsy ESPGHAN approach allows a correct diagnosis of celiac disease. At least 50% of patients in clinical practice will benefit from this non-biopsy approach, which reduces the burden and risks of endoscopy for small bowel biopsy and anesthesia, while saving costs for health care systems.

Based on the results, it can be concluded that the new ESPGHAN diagnostic criteria for skipping biopsy allow a correct diagnosis of celiac disease in symptomatic children if tissue transglutaminase IgA levels are 10 or more times the upper normal limit, and therefore biopsy is not necessary in these children.

Non-HDL Cholesterol: New Perspective on Cardiovascular Risk

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide, and the lipid profile, particularly cholesterol levels, plays a key role in its development. For many years, the emphasis has been on determining total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). However, in recent years, increasing attention has been paid to non-HDL cholesterol, a new but promising indicator.

What is non-HDL cholesterol and how does it differ from other indicators?

Non-HDL cholesterol is a calculated parameter that reflects the total cholesterol content of all blood lipoproteins except HDL. It includes cholesterol found in LDL, intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL) and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). Unlike the traditional LDL assessment, non-HDL cholesterol more fully reflects the atherogenic potential (ability to form plaques) of lipids.

Why is non-HDL cholesterol important?

More complete risk assessment: Studies show that non-HDL cholesterol may be a more accurate predictor of CVD risk than LDL, especially in patients with elevated triglyceride levels. This is because it takes into account atherogenic particles that LDL does not cover.
Convenience of calculation: No additional tests are required to determine the level of non-HDL cholesterol. It is calculated by simply subtracting the HDL level from the total cholesterol level.
Fewer limitations: In some cases, LDL levels may be difficult or unreliable to measure, while non-HDL cholesterol remains a reliable indicator.

Studies supporting the significance of non-LDL cholesterol:

Multiple scientific papers support the significance of non-HDL cholesterol in assessing CVD risk due to its:

Prognostic value: Studies have shown that high levels of non-HDL cholesterol are associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and other cardiovascular events.
Relationship to atherosclerosis: Non-HDL cholesterol is involved in the development of atherosclerosis because the atherogenic particles it comprises readily penetrate the vessel walls and form plaques.
Efficacy in treatment monitoring: Studies demonstrate that lowering non-HDL cholesterol levels as a result of hypolipidemic therapy correlates with a reduced risk of cardiovascular events.

Clinical application:

An increasing number of clinical guidelines now recommend the use of non-HDL cholesterol in addition to traditional measures of lipid profile, especially in patients with:

Diabetes mellitus
Metabolic syndrome
High triglyceride levels
Family history of early CVD.

How to interpret non-HDL cholesterol values?

Recommended non-HDL cholesterol values depend on the patient's overall cardiovascular risk:

Low and moderate risk: Desirable level < 3.8 mmol/L
High risk: Desirable level < 2.6 mmol/L
Very high risk: Desirable level < 2.2 mmol/L

Conclusion:

Non-HDL cholesterol is a promising marker of cardiovascular risk that complements traditional lipid profile indices. Its use allows for more accurate risk stratification, especially in patients with CVD risk factors, and effective monitoring of hypolipidemic therapy. Further studies continue to investigate its role in the development of CVDs, but it can already be said that non-HDL cholesterol deserves the attention of physicians and patients concerned about their heart health.

Important: This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for consulting a physician. Please consult a qualified specialist for diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.