Determination of Ig M for the capsid antigen of the Epstein-Barr virus (HSV-IV) in the serum by the ELISA method

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis. According to a number of scientific studies, it contributes to a variety of other pathologies, including lymphoma, chronic fatigue syndrome, and multiple sclerosis. IgM class antibodies (immunoglobulins) are specific components of the body's immune system that aim to destroy a specific foreign protein. In the case of a diagnosis of EBV, the protein that provokes immunity to IgM production is the envelope-capsid of the virus.

IgM appear during the peak of the disease, by the second month. During recovery, the antibody titer decreases and may persist in the body for several years. Thus, the detection of IgM in the blood means an acute period of the disease. For optimal diagnosis, a one-stage appointment of two tests is necessary such as IgM and IgG antibodies to the capsid antigen of Epstein-Barr virus.

The test allows to differentiate between acute and chronic disease. In the acute period of the disease, an increase in the IgM level will be accompanied by normal or slightly elevated IgG. In chronic disease it will be against the background of high concentration of IgG, the level of IgM will be insignificant. In case of a negative test result in the presence of a clinical picture, the test should be repeated in 2-4 weeks.