17-ОН Progesterone
17-OH is a chemical precursor of cortisol and androstenedione, from which testosterone and estradiol are subsequently formed. 17-OH is formed in the adrenal glands, testicles, ovaries, and placenta during pregnancy. The substance itself has a natriuretic effect, that is, it helps to remove fluid from the body in order to reduce blood pressure.
The clinical value of the test lies in the diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and, as a result, adrenogenital syndrome (AGS). CAH is a congenital genetic disease characterized by a violation of the formation of one of the following enzymes: 21-hydroxylase, 11β-hydroxylase, 3β-oxidehydrogenase, P450SCC (20,22-despolase), and 17-hydroxylase. These enzymes are necessary in order to transform 17-OP into cortisol.
Since the enzyme cannot fulfill its function, 17-OP is not converted into cortisol; it accumulates in excessive amounts in the body and is transformed into testosterone in greater amounts. In response to a decrease in cortisol concentration, ACTH begins to be produced, which leads to an overgrowth of the adrenal glands (hyperplasia).
It manifests itself as adrenogenital syndrome due to an excess of testosterone: girls have bright secondary male sexual characteristics, and the reproductive system also suffers. Premature sexual development occurs in boys. Since 17-OH has the ability to remove water from the body, the child constantly experiences problems related to blood pressure and microcirculation.